IRINA KISELEVA
LEARN LEARN LIVE
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Cinematography began to emerge in Japan almost a year after the Lumiere brothers made their first film (1985): first, a kinescope was brought to Japan, and then the first film was shown. And already in 1899 the first visual and feature films were created, performances of the kabuki theater were recorded on film. In 1900, the events of the Yihetuan uprising (1899-1901) were filmed in China, which marked the beginning of documentary cinema. Soon the first stationary cinema appeared in 1903 in Tokyo, and 5 years later the first film studio was built.
Fiction cinema in Japan developed in two directions: "gendaigeki" - films about the present (production center in Tokyo) and "jidaigeki" - films built on the material of history and folklore. The traditions of the theater strongly influenced the formation of Japanese cinema: the actors played in a theatrical manner, the female roles were played by men, the tapes were filmed from one point.
In the 50s. Japanese cinema came out on top in the world in terms of the release of films (1958 - 504 films).
In the early 60s. the first signs of a crisis began to appear in Japanese cinema. Its main reason is the development of TV, the regular broadcasts of which began in 1953. Neither the wide screen, first installed in 1957, nor widescreen tapes, shown since 1961, helped. The production of films was sharply reduced, many cinemas were closed, and the share of foreign films in the box office increased._cc781905 -5cde-3194-bb3b-136bad5cf58d_The popular monster movies of the 50s and 60s were replaced by "panic" and "catastrophe" movies.
Animated films , which arose back in the 20s, gained wide popularity all over the world thanks to films in the style of W. Disney, released since 1958 by the Toei company.
In the 90s a large number of popular science films are being created , documentary films and animation are developing. The most prominent directors are Takeshi Kitano, Yoji Matsuka, Ryu Murakami. Very interesting, bewitching, inimitable cartoons are created by Hayao Miyazaki.
Nowadays, we hear more about the cinema in Japan, not as new movie premieres, but more as new, released or appeared on the Internet, cartoons made in the style of anime . This genre of creating animated films has infected the entire young generation with its fantasticness.
FASHION JAPAN
From the point of view of a European in the field of clothing, the Japanese can rarely show off their impeccable taste and sense of style.
Usually, almost all schoolchildren in Japan wear a uniform, especially in respectable educational institutions. In the lower grades, the girls' skirt is longer, and in the older grades it is short. Most of the young people outside of educational institutions still prefer not school uniforms, but youth fashion.
The main details of the image of a modern Japanese woman are: bows, leopard, stiletto heels, multi-layer mini-skirts, large knitted hats with pom-poms. In addition, it is customary to hang hefty toys on phones , lighten and lengthen hair, lengthen eyelashes, dream of big eyes. The next most popular items are leopard prints. Over the knee boots with heels or stilettos seem to be the most popular shoes in Japan . They are usually worn with layered miniskirts. Knitted hats with pom-poms are especially held in high esteem. It doesn't matter that it's 10-15 degrees outside.
Office workers have a much harder time. In a traditional Japanese company, they always wear a black suit, regardless of the weather, even if it's +40 outside. The Japanese endure both heat and cold calmly, as they go through a very harsh school of hardening the body in childhood.
In some companies, women are not allowed to wear fitted suits - they must be absolutely straight. The skirt must cover the knees. Women 's accessories are also prohibited. all false eyelashes. But at work, a woman should be as less attractive to men as possible. In some companies, women must wear only short hair that does not cover their ears. Hair color must be black. Men, except for long hair, cannot wear a beard and mustache.
And yet, sometimes on the streets you can see very "extravagantly dressed" Japanese. Strange fashion...
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FILMS ABOUT THE COUNTRY
JAPAN
MUSIC OF JAPAN
Japanese traditional music in the modern sense of the word was formed, like many other cultural forms, under the influence of China, India, the states of the Korean Peninsula, and the countries of Southeast Asia.
Japanese music is close to the sounds of nature and often conveys the breath of the wind, the sound of rain, the flow of the river. Its essence, like that of all Japanese culture, can be expressed through the concept , "respect", "purity" and "silence" or "simplicity".
Japanese music is characterized by the combination of various genres in one work, although there are only instrumental works. The most striking example is the Noh theater, which combines dance, vocal and instrumental performance.
Most classifications of Japanese traditional music distinguish the following genres:
Religious music - Buddhist music, Shinto music
Theater Music - Noh, Kabuki, Bunraku
Gagaku - bungaku, kangen, utaimono
Songs with the accompaniment of musical instruments - biwa, koto, shamisen, shakuhachi
Folk songs - working, festive, solemn, children's
NEW MORNING
Far beyond the evening cloud
The falcon soars alone.
I hear his sad cry.
In the silent wind he flies alone.
Breaks the sky with wings.
And there is no rest for him there ever ...
Nobody knows what's in my heart
In the heart like this falcon.
Nobody knows what's in my heart.
Lonely falcon in the sky...
I'm walking along the field road
And a friend walks beside me.
You and I are always alone.
In the meadow, cicadas chirp somewhere.
We look at each other and something
I can't say a word.
Nobody knows what's in my heart.
I am alone in this world.
Nobody knows what's in my heart
Loneliness is sad...